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Investigating Public Awareness and understanding of cybercrimes and legal implications in Sri Lanka.
In today’s digital era, cyber-crimes
in Sri Lanka have become a rising concern. Due to the escalating reliance on
technology and internet access, individuals and businesses are increasingly
susceptible to cyber-attacks. Like many other countries, Sri Lanka is
confronted with the task of combating cyber threats and safeguarding its
digital realm. This article will delve into public awareness of cyber-crimes,
understanding cyber threats, and the legal ramifications in Sri Lanka.
A cyber-crime is any criminal
activity that involves a computer, network, or networked device. While most
cyber-crimes are committed to generate profit, some are executed to cause
damage or disable computers and other devices. These crimes can vary from hacking
into personal accounts to stealing sensitive information for financial gain. It
is important to note that cybercrimes are constantly evolving in tandem with
the advancement of the internet and computer technology. The origins of
cyber-crime in Sri Lanka can be dated back to the 1990s, a time when the
digital age was just beginning. However, these crimes were limited and rare due
to the constraints related to low digital literacy and internet connectivity.
In the early
days, common cybercrimes included unauthorized access to computer systems,
hacking, and spreading viruses that could disrupt the functioning of any
device. However, as the internet evolved into a platform for financial
transactions, e-commerce, and social media, cybercriminals saw opportunities
for financial gain. The increase in online banking and electronic payment
systems has led to a rise in financial fraud, phishing scams, identity theft,
and ATM card theft. Furthermore, the widespread use of social media has
resulted in an increase in cyber-bullying, harassment, and the spread of false
information as prevalent cyber-crimes.
One of the main reasons for the
increase in cybercrimes in Sri Lanka is the absence of stringent laws and
regulations governing online activities. The government must enforce stronger
cybersecurity measures to safeguard its citizens and businesses from becoming
targets of these crimes. In response, the government has introduced several
cyber laws and regulations in recent years. This legal framework is designed to
prosecute cybercriminals while also safeguarding the privacy and security of
individuals and businesses.
The article will now delve into
the cyber laws in Sri Lanka.
1) The
Computer Crimes Act, passed in 2007, seeks to criminalize actions like
unauthorized access to computer systems, unauthorized interception of computer
data, and unauthorized disclosure of passwords. This legislation was the main
law used to prosecute cyber-criminals.
2) The Electronic Transactions Act 2006
established a legal framework to guide and safeguard electronic contracts and
electronic forms of communication. Therefore, it is evident that significant
importance was placed on electronic transactions.
3) The
Intellectual Property Act 2003 safeguards property rights such as trademarks,
copyrights, and patents. It offers solutions for any infringement of property
rights and violations of intellectual property in cyberspace.
4) The
Payment Devices Frauds Act 2006 addresses the use of devices in online payments
to perpetrate fraud and enforces penalties on individuals found guilty of
payment device fraud.
5) The
Personal Data Protection Act 2022 is a law that emphasizes the significance of
safeguarding personal data and also provides individuals with certain rights
over their personal information.
6) Sri Lanka's cyber security bill aims to
safeguard critical information systems from threats and establish regulations
for cyber protection.
In 2024, Parliament passed the
Online Safety Act 2024, aimed at combating cybercrimes such as data theft,
child abuse, and online fraud.
Therefore, it is evident that
the government has taken significant steps to combat cybercrimes. It must be
noted that Sri Lanka is a member of the Budapest Convention, which aims to
address the global nature of cyber-crimes. As a result of being part of this
international convention and the increasing prevalence of cybercrimes, Sri
Lanka has also taken additional initiatives to establish specialized bodies
such as the Computer Crimes Investigating Division, Financial Crimes
Investigation Division, National Child Protection Authority, and the School of
Computing at the University of Colombo.
Furthermore, education and awareness about cybersecurity need to be increased among the general population. Many individuals are unaware of the potential risks they face online and how to protect themselves from cyber attacks. The government of Sri Lanka has not yet taken significant initiatives to educate the public on safeguarding themselves from such crimes. Individuals and businesses should work together to implement cybersecurity measures and promote awareness of safe online practices. The general public should also be educated about cyber security laws, as the low number of reported incidents suggests a lack of understanding and access to information regarding these crimes.
In conclusion, it is imperative that action is taken to combat cyber crimes in Sri Lanka. Stronger laws, increased cybersecurity measures, and better education are all necessary steps towards creating a safer online environment for everyone.Nisal Dulmith S.Hennadige,
Attorney at Law.
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